Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by intrusive, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions). People with OCD often experience intense anxiety or distress related to their obsessions, which can include fears of contamination, doubts about safety or harm, or a need for symmetry or order. Compulsions are rituals or behaviors that individuals with OCD feel driven to perform in response to their obsessions. These compulsions are aimed at reducing anxiety or preventing perceived harm but are often excessive and time-consuming. Examples include repetitive handwashing, checking locks repeatedly, or mentally counting or repeating words. OCD affects people of all ages and can significantly impair daily functioning, relationships, and overall quality of life if left untreated. Diagnosis typically involves a thorough assessment by a mental health professional, considering the presence and impact of obsessions and compulsions. Treatment for OCD often combines cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), specifically exposure and response prevention (ERP), with medication (such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs). ERP involves gradually confronting feared situations or thoughts without engaging in compulsive behaviors, helping individuals learn to tolerate anxiety and reduce the frequency and intensity of their symptoms. Managing OCD requires ongoing support and commitment to treatment. With effective therapy and support, individuals with OCD can learn to better manage their symptoms, improve their quality of life, and regain a sense of control over their thoughts and behaviors. Early intervention and understanding can make a significant difference in the prognosis and recovery from OCD.